Who Can Apply for U.S. Citizenship?
To apply for U.S. citizenship through naturalization, applicants must first meet residency and eligibility requirements.
Green Card Holders Can Apply After:
- 5 years – This is the general rule for most lawful permanent residents (LPRs).
- 3 years – If married to a U.S. citizen and living together for at least three years.
Other Requirements:
- Be at least 18 years old.
- Have good moral character (no serious criminal record or immigration violations).
- Be able to speak, read, and write basic English.
- Pass the U.S. civics test, which covers U.S. history and government.
Meeting these requirements is the first step toward becoming a naturalized U.S. citizen, gaining full rights and protections under U.S. law. 
Steps to Become a U.S. Citizen
Step 1: File Form N-400 (Application for Naturalization)
- Apply online at USCIS.gov or by mail.
- Fee: $640 + $85 biometrics fee ($725 total).
- Fee waivers are available for low-income applicants.
Step 2: Attend Biometrics Appointment
- Get fingerprinted and photographed at a USCIS center.
- USCIS will send a notice with the date, time, and location.
Step 3: Prepare for the Citizenship Test & Interview
- Study U.S. history & government for the civics test.
- Practice English reading, writing, and speaking skills.
- Use USCIS study guides, mobile apps, or online resources.
Step 4: Attend the USCIS Interview & Take the Test
- Bring original documents (Green Card, passport, state ID).
- Answer questions about your application and background.
- Take the civics and English test.
Step 5: Receive USCIS Decision
- Approved? You’ll get a notice for the Oath Ceremony.
- Need more info? USCIS may request additional documents.
- Denied? You can appeal or reapply later.
Step 6: Take the Oath of Allegiance
- Attend a Naturalization Ceremony.
- Receive your Certificate of Naturalization.
- Now you’re officially a U.S. citizen.
Common Issues & Solutions
Common Issues & SolutionsFailed the test? → You can retake it in 90 days. If you fail either the English or civics test, USCIS will schedule a second interview for another attempt.
Criminal record? → Consult an immigration lawyer before applying. Certain criminal offenses can impact eligibility, so legal guidance is essential.
Missing documents? → USCIS will send a Request for Evidence (RFE) if additional documentation is needed. Respond promptly to avoid delays in processing.
Benefits of U.S. Citizenship
No deportation risk – As a U.S. citizen, you cannot be deported, unlike Green Card holders who can lose their status under certain circumstances.
U.S. passport & travel freedom – Citizens can travel freely with a U.S. passport, access consular protection abroad, and enter the U.S. without restrictions.
Right to vote in elections – Only U.S. citizens can vote in federal elections and have a say in government decisions.
Ability to petition family members for Green Cards faster – Citizens can sponsor more family members, including spouses, children, parents, and siblings, with shorter wait times compared to Green Card holders.
Conclusion
The naturalization process typically takes 8 to 10 months from the time you submit Form N-400 until you officially become a U.S. citizen. However, processing times can vary depending on USCIS workload, application volume, and individual circumstances, meaning the wait could be shorter or longer. To avoid unnecessary delays, it’s crucial to prepare thoroughly, study for the citizenship test, and bring all required documents to your interview.
Becoming a U.S. citizen is a life-changing milestone, offering security, new rights, and opportunities such as the ability to vote, travel freely with a U.S. passport, and petition more family members for Green Cards. While the process requires patience and effort, the rewards make it well worth it. Contact us to explore your options and begin your journey toward a brighter and more secure future